Source for image: Zimbabweland

Marange has been a battlefield for control over vast diamond wealth for the past 14 years. At that time, the traditional communities residing in Marange were invaded by tens of thousands of artisanal miners, merchants and dealers, who took control over land, flouted traditional practices, and perpetrated rape, murder and armed robbery upon each other and the local communities. 

In November 2008, the  opens in a new windowZimbabwe  opens in a new windowNational Army was deployed to drive out the artisanal miners and dealers as the state moved in to take full control over the lucrative diamond fields. There was a massacre of artisanal miners and villagers and hundreds of villagers fled their traditional homes. Over 200 miners were gunned down within five weeks, and it is estimated that hundreds of women were raped, and gang raped by the military and artisanal miners. 

These are just a few of the many hundreds of stories of women who have experienced sexual abuse at the hands of the Zimbabwe army and police: A woman from Marange recounted how a truck of soldiers stopped her and another woman as they were coming from the fields. The women were forced to strip, armed with sticks, and then instructed to fight one another. 

The loser was raped by the soldiers in the truck. When women pass through the community, they are subject to regular searches which offers the law enforcement agencies an opportunity to perpetrate sexual violence. Three women told Human Rights Watch that a male police constable forced them to strip naked at a checkpoint. He inserted his gloved finger in their private parts, claiming to be looking for hidden diamonds. The sexual abuse, rape and gang rape in Marange is used by the soldiers and police as a weapon to safeguard the diamond resources from ‘illegal mining’. Women remain silent fearing recrimination and the stigma associated with sexual abuse.

Deste 2019, a WoMin e a Unidade de Serviços de Aconselhamento (CSU) em Zimbabué tem estado a trabalhar com mulheres de várias comunidades afectadas por actividades extractivas para lidar com o trauma em termos colectivos, apoiar iniciativas de mobilização e de consciencialização e a oferecer as mulheres oportunidades para definirem o que a justiça significa para elas. Através deste processo, uma das mulheres partilhou o que realmente importa para ela: Eu acho que é pela dignidade que eu estou a lutar – para que as mulheres possam ser tratadas com dignidade, com respeito. E quando olho para muitas das mulheres com quem interajo, para elas, a terra é a dignidade delas.” – nome omitido.